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1.
Bol. malariol. salud ambient ; 62(6): 1142-1146, dic. 2022. tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1426866

ABSTRACT

El brote reciente de viruela símica ha despertado el interés de la comunidad internacional por su creciente número de contagiados en países no endémicos. Entre sus síntomas se encuentran la fiebre, dolor de cabeza, fatiga, dolor muscular, exantema y linfadenoma. La cavidad bucal es el lugar en el que suelen aparecer los primeros signos de la enfermedad. Por tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer las principales manifestaciones orales de la viruela del mono y enumerar algunas recomendaciones de prevención. Para ello, se hizo una revisión bibliográfica entre 2012 y 2022 en la base de datos PubMed, usando las palabras clave, en inglés, monkeypox, oral manifestation y transmission. Se garantizó que, de los 14 documentos seleccionados, al menos el 80%, fueran publicaron en 2022. Las manifestaciones orales más frecuentes fueron: úlcera eritematosa, vesículas-ulcerosas y las asociadas a linfadenopatía (disfagia, odinofagia y faringitis). Entre las recomendaciones se encuentran: uso de mascarilla N95 y visores faciales, lavado constante de manos y espacios y atención de contagiados solo por eventos agudos (urgencias). Aunque no se ha confirmado, es posible que el Tecovirimat sea de ayuda en pacientes con sintomatología grave. Se concluye que es necesario que los odontólogos sepan distinguir los signos orales de la enfermedad para que contribuyan a cortar la cadena de contagio y deriven prontamente a los sospechosos para que se hagan las pruebas diagnósticas y las terapias medicamentosas de manera oportuna(AU)


The recent outbreak of monkeypox has aroused the interest of the international community due to its growing number of infections in non-endemic countries. Its symptoms include fever, headache, fatigue, muscle pain, rash, and lymphadenoma. The oral cavity is the place where the first signs of the disease usually appear. Therefore, the objective of this work was to establish the main oral manifestations of monkeypox and list some prevention recommendations. For this, a bibliographic review was carried out between 2012 and 2022 in the PubMed database, using the keywords, in English, monkeypox, oral manifestation and transmission. It was guaranteed that, of the 14 selected documents, at least 80% would be published in 2022. The most frequent oral manifestations were: erythematous ulcer, ulcer-vesicles and those associated with lymphadenopathy (dysphagia, odynophagia and pharyngitis). Among the recommendations are: use of N95 mask and face visors, constant washing of hands and spaces, and attention to those infected only due to acute events (emergencies). Although it has not been confirmed, it is possible that Tecovirimat is helpful in patients with severe symptoms. It is concluded that it is necessary for dentists to know how to distinguish the oral signs of the disease so that they contribute to breaking the chain of contagion and promptly refer suspects to diagnostic tests and drug therapies in a timely manner(AU)


Subject(s)
Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Pharyngitis/prevention & control , Oral Ulcer/prevention & control , Dental Offices , Monkeypox/prevention & control , Lymphadenopathy/prevention & control , Review Literature as Topic
2.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 26: e2542, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1345349

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Este estudo piloto teve como objetivo verificar a influência do uso do biofeedback EMG como método coadjuvante para auxiliar na manutenção dos resultados a longo prazo da terapia da deglutição em idosos com doença de Parkinson em uma abordagem profilática. Métodos Os sujeitos foram avaliados quanto ao nível de ingestão oral (Functional Oral Intake Scale - FOIS), qualidade de vida (questionário SWAL-QOL) e videofluoroscopia da deglutição das consistências sólida, pudim e líquida. A gravidade da disfagia foi avaliada por meio do Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale (DOSS). Todos os procedimentos foram realizados antes, após três meses e após seis meses do tratamento fonoaudiológico para disfagia orofaríngea. Resultados Três sujeitos foram tratados com terapia fonoaudiológica profilática e três com terapia convencional fonoaudiológica profilática utilizando biofeedback EMG coadjuvante em um total de 18 sessões. Seis pacientes apresentaram melhora nos níveis de ingestão oral, gravidade da disfagia e qualidade de vida após o programa de reabilitação. O nível de ingestão oral foi mantido seis meses após a terapia convencional para dois pacientes e todos os participantes tratados com biofeedback EMG. Conclusão Ambas as modalidades de terapia profilática mostraram melhora na qualidade de vida, nível de ingestão oral e gravidade da disfagia, mas os benefícios foram mantidos ao longo do tempo apenas para os participantes do grupo experimental.


ABSTRACT Purpose This pilot study aimed to verify the influence of using EMG biofeedback as an assisting method to maintain long-term results for swallowing therapy in older adults with Parkinson's disease in a prophylactic approach. Methods: Subjects were evaluated as to the oral intake level (Functional Oral Intake Scale - FOIS), quality of life (SWAL-QOL questionnaire), and videofluoroscopy of swallowing of solid, pudding and liquid consistencies. The severity of dysphagia was assessed using the Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale (DOSS). All procedures were performed before, after three months, and after six months of speech-language therapy treatment for oropharyngeal dysphagia. Results: Three subjects were treated with prophylactic speech-language therapy, and three with prophylactic speech-language conventional therapy using adjunctive EMG biofeedback in a total of 18 sessions. Six patients experienced a reduction of the severity of the dysphagia, improved oral intake levels and quality of life after the rehabilitation program. The oral intake level was maintained six months after conventional therapy for two patients and for all participants treated with EMG biofeedback. Conclusion Both therapy modalities with PSLT showed improved quality of life, oral intake level, and reduction of the severity of dysphagia, but the benefits were maintained over time only for participants in the experimental group.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Parkinson Disease , Biofeedback, Psychology/methods , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Deglutition Disorders/rehabilitation , Speech Therapy
3.
Distúrb. comun ; 32(2): 259-269, jun. 2020. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1397021

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Descrever a atuação fonoaudiológica hospitalar no paciente oncológico disfágico. Métodos: Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, descritivo, quantitativo, desenvolvido em um hospital oncológico. A amostra foi composta por prontuários de pacientes com câncer que realizaram acompanhamento fonoaudiológico para disfagia. Foram aplicados indicadores fonoaudiológicos de disfagia e comparada a escala de ingestão de alimentação por via oral (FOIS) antes e após terapia fonoaudiológica. Resultados: A amostra contou com 400 prontuários, 189 foram incluídos no GA (grupo ambulatório) e 211 no GI (grupo internação). A média geral da idade da amostra corresponde a 60,35±12,63, sendo o predomínio de homens 263 (65,8%). Quanto às neoplasias apresentadas pelos pacientes: 247 cabeça e pescoço e 43 esôfago e estômago. No GA 143 (75,7%) pacientes melhoraram a escala FOIS pós-terapia, 33 pacientes (17,5%) mantiveram o mesmo nível e 13 pacientes (6,9%) apresentaram piora na FOIS após o processo terapêutico. No GI 103 (48,8%) pacientes melhoraram pós-terapia, 81 pacientes (38,4%) mantiveram o mesmo nível na escala, e 27 pacientes (12,8%) apresentaram piora após a terapia fonoaudiológica. Conclusão: O estabelecimento de indicadores na atuação junto ao paciente disfágico permite identificar e quantificar as melhorias dos processos assistenciais, trazendo benefícios diretos aos pacientes, auxiliando na caracterização da população atendida, otimizando e aprimorando os processos e resultados, visando o aprimoramento da qualidade dos serviços prestados, bem como redução do tempo de internação e dos custos hospitalares.


Objective: To describe hospital speech therapy in dysphagic cancer patients. Methods: Crosssectional, retrospective, descriptive, quantitative study, developed in an oncology hospital. The sample consisted of medical records of cancer patients who underwent speech therapy follow-up for dysphagia. Speech therapy indicators of dysphagia were applied and the oral food intake scale (FOIS) was compared before and after speech therapy. Results: The sample had 400 medical records, 189 were included in the GA (outpatient group) and 211 in the IG (hospitalization group). The general mean age of the sample corresponds to 60.35 ± 12.63, with a predominance of men 263 (65.8%). In relation to the neoplasms presented by the patients: 247 head and neck, and 43 esophagus and stomach. In GA 143 (75.7%) patients improved the FOIS scale after therapy, 33 patients (17.5%) maintained the same level and 13 patients (6.9%) presented worsening in FOIS after the therapeutic process. In GI 103 (48.8%) patients improved after therapy, 81 patients (38.4%) maintained the same level on the scale, and 27 patients (12.8%) presented worsening after speech therapy. Conclusion: The establishment of indicators in the performance of dysphagic patients allows identifying and quantifying improvements in care processes, bringing direct benefits to patients, assisting in the characterization of the population served, optimizing and improving processes and results, aiming at improving the quality of services, as well as reducing length of stay and hospital costs.


Objetivo: describir la logopedia hospitalaria en pacientes con cáncer de disfagia. Métodos: Estudio transversal, retrospectivo, descriptivo, cuantitativo, desarrollado en un hospital de oncología. La muestra consistió en registros médicos de pacientes con cáncer que se sometieron a terapia del habla por disfagia. Se aplicaron indicadores de disfagia a la terapia del habla y se comparó la escala de ingesta de alimentos orales (FOIS) antes y después de la terapia del habla. Resultados: La muestra tenía 400 registros médicos, 189 se incluyeron en el GA (grupo de pacientes ambulatorios) y 211 en el IG (grupo de hospitalización). La edad media general de la muestra corresponde a 60,35 ± 12,63, con predominio de hombres 263 (65,8%). En cuanto a las neoplasias presentadas por los pacientes: 247 cabeza y cuello y 43 esófago y estómago. En GA 143 (75.7%) los pacientes mejoraron la escala FOIS después de la terapia, 33 pacientes (17.5%) mantuvieron el mismo nivel y 13 pacientes (6.9%) presentaron empeoramiento en FOIS después del proceso terapéutico. En GI 103 (48.8%) los pacientes mejoraron después de la terapia, 81 pacientes (38.4%) mantuvieron el mismo nivel en la escala y 27 pacientes (12.8%) presentaron empeoramiento después de la terapia del habla. Conclusión: El establecimiento de indicadores en el trabajo con el paciente con disfagia permite identificar y cuantificar las mejoras de los procesos de atención, brindando beneficios directos a los pacientes, ayudando en la caracterización de la población atendida, optimizando y mejorando los procesos y resultados, con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de los servicios. proporcionado, así como la reducción de la estancia hospitalaria y los costos hospitalarios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Speech Therapy , Deglutition Disorders/rehabilitation , Oncology Service, Hospital , Quality Indicators, Health Care , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications
4.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 18: eAO4952, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056063

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To define physician´s behavior in the face of a mentally capable elderly dysphagic patients at risk of pulmonary aspiration, who do not accept oral restriction. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study, presenting a clinical case of an independent elderly with clinical complaints of dysphagia and laryngotracheal aspiration by flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing who rejected the proposal to restrict oral diet. A questionnaire about the patient's decision-making process was used to assess whether the physician was sympathetic and justify their answer, and if they are aware of hierarchy of ethical principles (recognition of the person´s value, autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence and justice), in the decision-making process, and which was the main principle that guided their decision. Results: One hundred participants were classified by time since graduation as Group I (less than 10 years) and Group II (more than 10 years). Of them, 60% agreed with the patient's decision, with no difference between the groups. The main reason was autonomy of patients, in both groups. Among those who were not sympathetic, the main argument was beneficence and nonmaleficence, considering the risk between benefit and harm. As to awareness about the hierarchy of principles, we did not find differences between the groups. Autonomy was the principle that guided those who were sympathetic with the patient's decision, and justice among those who didnot agree. Conclusion: Physicians were sympathetic with the patient's decision regarding autonomy, despite the balance between risks of beneficence and nonmaleficence, including death. We propose to formalize a non-compliance term.


RESUMO Objetivo: Definir o comportamento médico diante de paciente idoso disfágico com risco de aspiração laringotraqueal e mentalmente capaz que não aceita a restrição da via oral. Métodos: Estudo observacional, transversal. Apresentamos um caso clínico de idoso, que vive independente, com queixas clínicas e videoendoscopia da deglutição comprovando disfagia e aspiração, que recusou a proposta de restrição da via oral. Um questionário foi aplicado sobre o processo de decisão do paciente, procurando avaliar se o médico torna-se solidário, e que justifique sua resposta, e se tem ciência da hierarquia dos princípios éticos (reconhecimento do valor da pessoa, autonomia, beneficência, não maleficência e justiça), no processo de decisão e qual o principal princípio que norteia sua decisão. Resultados: Cem participantes foram classificados por tempo de formados em Grupo I (até 10 anos) e Grupo II (mais de 10 anos). Deles 60% tornaram-se solidários à decisão do paciente, sem diferença entre os grupos. O principal argumento foi a autonomia do paciente nos dois grupos. Entre os não solidários, foi o binômio beneficência e não maleficência, e o balanço do risco/benefício e malefício. Considerando a ciência sobre a hierarquia dos princípios que regem a decisão, não encontramos diferença entre eles. A autonomia foi o principal princípio na decisão entre os solidários e a justiça entre os não solidários. Conclusão: O médico foi solidário à decisão do paciente em respeito à sua autonomia, apesar dos riscos ponderados da beneficência e da maleficência, inclusive de morte. Propomos o termo de recusa de conduta formalizada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged, 80 and over , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data , Deglutition Disorders/complications , Treatment Refusal/statistics & numerical data , Respiratory Aspiration/etiology , Physician-Patient Relations , Time Factors , Gastrostomy/methods , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Gastroscopy/methods , Personal Autonomy , Respiratory Aspiration/prevention & control , Clinical Decision-Making , Intubation, Gastrointestinal/methods
5.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 24: e2258, 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1100893

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo apresentar o Protocolo de Prevenção de Broncoaspiração (PPB), visando estabelecer um fluxo padronizado para o manejo do paciente com risco de broncoaspiração. Esse protocolo, de aplicabilidade multiprofissional, estabelece um padrão assistencial de práticas clínicas para garantir a segurança do paciente em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI), unidades de internação (UI) e pronto-socorro (PS). Métodos na admissão do paciente, ou durante sua permanência hospitalar, a equipe multiprofissional deverá observar se o paciente se encaixa em, pelo menos, UM dos critérios de inclusão do PPB. Caso o paciente seja identificado como em risco de broncoaspiração, a equipe de enfermagem deverá sinalizá-lo com a Pulseira do Risco de Broncoaspiração (cor cinza/prata). Resultados o PPB já foi aprovado pela Comissão de UTI Cirúrgica e pelo Serviço de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar (SCCIH) do Instituto Central do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (ICHCFMUSP). Com isso, o PPB mostrou-se factível, de baixo custo e efetivo em sua proposta. Conclusão a aplicabilidade do PPB nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, Unidades de Internação e Pronto-Socorro do ICHCFMUSP é uma iniciativa pioneira. O uso do protocolo e da pulseira é uma conquista para a Fonoaudiologia e a consolidação da sua existência nas unidades de internação hospitalar.


ABSTRACT Purpose To present the Bronchoaspiration Prevention Protocol (PPB) for the management of patients at risk of brochoaspiration. This protocol has a multidisciplinary approach and aims to standardize clinical practice in order to ensure patients' safety in Inpatient, Emergency and Intensive Care Units (ICUs). Methods Upon admission or during patients' hospital stay, the multidisciplinary team must observe if the patient presents at least one of the inclusion criteria for the PPB. In case the patient is classifies as at risk of bronchoaspiration, the nursing team will identify the patient with the silicone Bracelet for Risk of Bronchoaspiration (grey/silver color). Results The PPB has already been approved by the Instituto Central do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (ICHC FMUSP) ICU Commission and Hospital Infection Control Service (HICS). The PPB proved to fulfil its purpose in a viable, low-cost and effective manner. Conclusion Applicability of the PPB in Inpatient, Emergency and Intensive Care Units (ICUs) is a pioneer initiative. The use of the protocol and bracelet is an achievement for the Speech-Language and Hearing Sciences and consolidates our existence in the inpatient hospital setting.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Identification Systems/methods , Pneumonia, Aspiration/prevention & control , Patient Safety , Hospital Units , Patient Care Team , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Risk , Patient Selection
6.
CoDAS ; 28(2): 113-117, mar.-abr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-782139

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose When swallowing efficiency is impaired, residue accumulates in the pharynx. Cued or spontaneous swallows in the head neutral position do not always successfully clear residue. We investigated the impact of a novel maneuver on residue clearance by combining a head turn with the chin down posture. Methods Data were collected from 26 participants who demonstrated persistent vallecular residue after an initial head neutral clearance swallow in videofluoroscopy. Participants were cued to perform a head-turn-plus-chin-down swallow, with the direction of head turn randomized. Pixel-based measures of residue in the vallecular space before and after the maneuver were made on still frame lateral images using ImageJ software. Measures of % full and the Normalized Residue Ratio Scale (NRRS) were extracted. Univariate analyses of variance were used to detect significant reductions in residue. Results On average, pre-maneuver measures showed residue filling 56-73% of the valleculae, depending on stimulus consistency (NRRS scores: 0.2-0.4). More than 80% of pre-swallow measures displayed NRRS ratios > 0.06, a threshold previously linked to increased risk of post-swallow aspiration. Conclusion The head-turn-plus-chin-down maneuver achieved significant reductions in residue for thin and nectar-thick fluids, suggesting that this maneuver can be effective in reducing persistent vallecular residue with these consistencies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Posture , Deglutition Disorders/physiopathology , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Epiglottis/physiopathology , Pharynx/physiopathology , Fluoroscopy/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , Analysis of Variance , Chin/physiology , Treatment Outcome , Deglutition/physiology , Respiratory Aspiration/prevention & control , Middle Aged
7.
Braz. j. pharm. sci ; 52(1): 179-190, Jan.-Mar. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-789088

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The objective of this investigation was to develop a novel oral edible gel dosage form for nebivolol hydrochloride, with suitable rheological characteristics that can provide a means of administering the drug to dysphagic and geriatric patients. Edible gels were prepared using low acetylated gellan gum and sodium citrate in different concentrations. The effect of concentration of the solution on gelation time, viscosity, and drug release was studied. Optimized formulation had "spoon thick" consistency that is considered suitable for dysphagic patients as suggested by National Dysphagia Diet Task Force. The optimized formulation containing gellan gum (0.4 % w/v) and sodium citrate (0.3 % w/v) showed more than 95% drug release in 20 minutes. This formulation also showed significantly better pharmacokinetic profile when compared to marketed conventional tablets in New Zealand white rabbits (n = 3). Optimized formulation was found stable for 6 months when stored at 25 °C ± 0.2 °C/60 ± 5% RH. From this study, it can be concluded that the novel edible gel dosage form containing nebivolol hydrochloride may prove to be more efficacious in the treatment of hypertension in dysphagic patients.


RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um gel comestível para veiculação de cloridrato de nebivolol, com características reológicas adequadas, que podem fornecer meio de administrar o fármaco em casos de disfagia orofaríngea e pacientes geriátricos. Géis comestíveis foram preparados utilizando goma gelana de baixa acetilação e citrato de sódio, em diferentes concentrações. Estudou-se o efeito da concentração da solução no tempo de gelificação, a viscosidade e a liberação do fármaco. A formulação otimizada apresentava consistência de pudim, o que é considerado adequado para pacientes disfágicos como sugerido pela National Dysphagia Diet Task Force. A formulação otimizada contendo 0,4% (m/v) de goma gelana e 0,3% (m/v) de citrato de sódio mostrou que mais de 95% de fármaco foi liberado em 20 minutos. Esta formulação também mostrou, significativamente, melhor perfil farmacocinético, quando comparado com os comprimidos convencionais comercializados administrados a coelhos brancos neozelandeses (n = 3). A formulação otimizada manteve-se estável durante 6 meses, armazenada a 25 oC ± 0,2 °C/60 ± 5% de UR. A partir deste estudo, conclui-se que a nova forma de gel comestível contendo cloridrato de nebivolol pode ser mais eficaz no tratamento de hipertensão em pacientes portadores de disfagia.


Subject(s)
Rabbits , Chemistry, Pharmaceutical , Dosage Forms , Nebivolol/analysis , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control
8.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 20(2): 161-166, Apr-Jun/2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-751329

ABSTRACT

Objetivo Verificar se as características da mastigação influenciam os achados da deglutição orofaríngea em idosos. Métodos Foram analisados os dados de 47 idosos saudáveis - 29 mulheres e 18 homens - avaliados por meio da aplicação do protocolo clínico da mastigação e exame clínico funcional da deglutição orofaríngea. A avaliação da mastigação foi registrada em vídeo, tendo sido analisado o tipo mastigatório, a formação do bolo alimentar e o tempo mastigatório. Durante a avaliação clínica da deglutição foi verificado o desempenho dos pacientes quando testados alimentos de diferentes consistências, sendo que, após a realização da avaliação clínica, os indivíduos foram classificados quanto ao grau de disfunção da deglutição orofaríngea. Os dados foram analisados de modo descritivo e utilizando-se testes estatísticos de comparação e correlação. Resultados A média do tempo mastigatório foi de 32,45 segundos. A maioria dos indivíduos apresentou tipo mastigatório bilateral (62%), formação do bolo alimentar adequada (75%) e cerca de metade (47%), quadro de disfagia orofaríngea de grau moderado. De acordo com a análise estatística, não houve correlação entre o grau da disfunção da deglutição e o tipo mastigatório e a formação do bolo alimentar, porém, houve correlação positiva moderada entre o grau da disfunção da deglutição e o tempo de mastigação. Conclusão Para os idosos deste estudo, o tempo mastigatório influenciou o grau de disfunção da deglutição, não tendo sido encontrada relação para o tipo mastigatório e formação do bolo alimentar quanto aos achados da deglutição orofaríngea. .


Purpose Verify if the masticatory characteristics influence the findings of the oropharyngeal swallowing in the elderly. Methods Data from 47 healthy elderly subjects (29 female and 18 male) were analyzed and evaluated by the application of the mastication clinical protocol and the functional clinical examination of the oropharyngeal swallowing. The mastication evaluation was recorded in video; the mastication type, the bolus formation, and the mastication time were analyzed. During the clinical evaluation of the swallowing, patients` performance was verified when food with different consistencies was tested. After this evaluation, subjects were classified according to the dysphagia level. Data was analyzed in a descriptive way using comparison and correlation statistical tests. Results The average mastication time was 32.45 seconds. Most subjects presented bilateral mastication (62%), adequate bolus formation (75%) and about half (47%) had moderate oropharyngeal dysphagia. According to the statistic analysis, there was no correlation among the level of swallowing dysfunction, the mastication type and the bolus formation. However, there was a statistically significant moderate positive correlation between the level of swallowing dysfunction and the mastication time. Conclusion It was verified that a relationship between the mastication time and the dysphagia level exists. However, no influence of mastication type and bolus formation on the swallowing of the elderly was found in this study. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging/physiology , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Mastication/physiology , Brazil , Masticatory Muscles
11.
Journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. 2008; 15 (61): 11-20
in Persian | IMEMR | ID: emr-112623

ABSTRACT

Tracheal intubation can result in trauma and nerve damage which may also account for postoperative throat symptoms such as hoarseness and dysphagia. The effects of beclomethasone inhaler and intravenous lidocaine in prevention of the above symptoms were documented in previous studies. The aim of the present study is comparison of the effects of beclomethasone inhaler with various clinically used dosages of intravenous lidocaine prior to endotracheal intubation on the incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat, cough, sputum, hoarseness, and dysphagia. A total of 120 patients undergoing elective operations were enrolled in this randomized double-blind clinical trial. Patients were assigned to one of four treatment modalities: lidocaine 1mg/kg [group L[1]], lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg [group L[2]], a dose of 50 micrograms beclomethasone inhaler [Group B], and normal saline [Group C]. Incidence and severity of sore throat, cough, sputum, hoarseness, and dysphagia were compared between the groups before leaving the operating room, 1 hr later, at the time of the first postoperative drink or meal [for assessment of dysphagia], and in the morning after the surgery. In all time intervals of evaluating postoperative symptoms, the incidence and severity of sore throat were significantly lower in groups L2 and B than in group C [P <0.05]. One and twenty hours after emergence of anesthesia, the incidence and severity of cough were significantly lower in groups L[2] and B than in group C [P <0.05]. The incidence and severity of sore throat or cough was not significantly different between groups L2 and B. Throughout the study, the incidence and severity of sputum were significantly lower in group B than in group C [P <0.05]. Beclomehtasone in comparison with intravenous lidocaine prior to intubation decreases the postoperative sore throat and cough. In addition, beclomethasone inhaler decreases the incidence and severity of postoperative sputum


Subject(s)
Humans , Beclomethasone , Nebulizers and Vaporizers , Injections, Intravenous , Hoarseness/prevention & control , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Lidocaine , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Pharyngitis/prevention & control , Cough/prevention & control , Double-Blind Method , Preoperative Care , Clinical Trial
12.
Rev. argent. cir ; 84(1/2): 71-78, ene.-feb. 2003. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-337790

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: Desde que Dallemagne presentó en 1991 el tratamiento laparoscópico de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico (ERGE), numerosos autores han observado, a pesar de los excelentes resultados y ventajas, un aumento de la disfagia postoperatoria. Objetivos: Dilucidar causas de disfagia postoperatoria; comprobar si la válvula realizada con el fundus, liberado por sección del ligamento frenogástrico posterior, mejora la disfagia; proponer un nuevo acceso retrogástrico. Lugar de aplicación: Hospital Público y práctica privada. Diseño: Estudio transversal analítico. Material y métodos: Desde julio de 1993 hasta diciembre de 2001 se intervino por laparoscopía 234 pacientes con ERGE. Clasificación de Savary: grado 1, 2 y 3: 193 (82,47 por ciento), grado 4: 5 (2,13 por ciento) y grado 5: 36 (15,38 por ciento). Se incluyen para su análisis: Grupo A) 96 pacientes en los que se realizó Nissen-Rossetti, Grupo B) 118 pacientes en los que se seccionó el ligamento frenogástrico posterior por acceso retrogástrico realizando Nissen. Se analiza la disfagia en ambos grupos. Resultados: Excelentes y buenos 91/96 (94,79 por ciento) pacientes en el grupo A y 115/118 (97,45 por ciento) en el grupo B. Se prsentó disfagia en 31/96 (32,29 por ciento) en grupo A y 7/118 (7,29 por ciento) en grupo B (p<0,001). Conclusiones: 1) La funduplicatura se debe realizar con las caras posterior y anterior del estómago en forma pareja y simétrica para evitar su rotación. 2) No se aconseja la técnica de Nissen-Rossetti. 3) La sección del ligamento frenogástrico posterior fue fundamental para la liberación de la cara posterior del fundus. 4) El acceso retrogástrico facilitó la sección del ligamento frenogástrico posterior


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Fundoplication/adverse effects , Deglutition Disorders/surgery , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fundoplication/history , Fundoplication/methods , Laparoscopy , Gastroesophageal Reflux/surgery , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Treatment Outcome
13.
Pediatria (Säo Paulo) ; 22(3): 265-70, 2000.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-296476

ABSTRACT

O conhecimento do padrao de succao dos recem nascidos tem grande importancia, uma vez que nos primeiros meses de vida essa funcao e responsavel pela nutricao do recem nascido...


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Sucking Behavior/physiology , Speech Disorders/prevention & control , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Verbal Behavior/physiology
16.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-64578

ABSTRACT

Pneumatic dilatation and surgery are equally effective in the treatment of achalasia cardia but carry some risk of complications. We report our initial experience with the use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of achalasia. Six of seven patients treated responded, with improvement lasting till the end of follow-up at 3 months. No adverse effect was observed.


Subject(s)
Adult , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Esophageal Achalasia/therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neuromuscular Agents/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome
17.
Pró-fono ; 8(1): 25-8, mar. 1996. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-205767

ABSTRACT

Os autores avaliaram, através de um questionário, 28 educadores de pré-escola, com o objetivo de identificar qual a postura destes frente aos distúrbios de comunicaçäo. Na populaçäo pesquisada, 80 por cento haviam recebido orientaçäo fonoaudiológica prévia através de palestra. Como resultado, observou-se aparentemente uma maior familiaridade com os distúrbios de fala e voz (80 e 74 por cento respectivamente). Quando é detectada alguma alteraçäo fonoaudiológica, faz-se o encaminhamento necessário


Subject(s)
Humans , Speech Disorders/prevention & control , Voice Disorders/prevention & control , Evaluation Study , Faculty , Language Disorders , Speech Therapy/education , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Employee Performance Appraisal , Child Rearing
18.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-65731

ABSTRACT

Twenty five patients with squamous cell carcinoma arising from the middle third of the esophagus were treated radically, with external radiation, to a dose of 55-60 Gy. All patients had lesions less than 6 cm in length with no extra-esophageal spread on computed tomography scan. Eleven of these patients received additional intracavitary radiation to a dose of 12 Gy, 1 cm from the source axis in two sessions of 6 Gy each, a week apart. There was no significant difference in the relief of dysphagia and survival among these receiving and those not receiving intracavitary radiation. Addition of intracavitary radiation to radical external radiation was associated with significant complications like stricture and fistulae formation, which accounted for the poor results.


Subject(s)
Brachytherapy/adverse effects , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Deglutition Disorders/prevention & control , Esophageal Neoplasms/mortality , Esophageal Stenosis/etiology , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Humans , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Radiotherapy Dosage , Tracheoesophageal Fistula/etiology
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